Monthly Archives:May 2017
Hospital readmission after head and neck microvascular reconstruction
Unplanned readmissions are associated with decreased healthcare quality and increased costs. This nationwide study examines causes for unplanned readmission among head and neck cancer patients undergoing immediate microsurgical reconstruction. Patients undergoing head and neck tumor resection with
The role of monocytes in ANCA-associated vasculitides
The anti – neutrophil cytoplasm antibody (ANCA) – associated vasculitides (AAV) include granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA), microscopic polyangiitis (MPA), and eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA). These rare systemic autoimmune diseases affect small and medium – sized blood vessels, and are characterized by necrotizing vasculitis,
Diagnosing Fragile X syndrome by DNA methylation array
Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is the most common genetic condition which causes a range of developmental problems and intellectual disability in males. It is caused by a mutation in the fragile X mental retardation gene (FMR1), which
What are the psychological drivers of religious history?
When the Buddha became “Enlightened” he realised that what is important about human beings is their ethical intentions. These are the grounds of karma in Buddhism. And he realised too that everything we call a “thing” is
“Contagious and bad”. The stigma of Mycobacterial infections
Two diseases caused by mycobacteria, Tuberculosis and Leprosy, not only are they quintessential in the history of infectious diseases and humanity, but have survived the passing of the centuries still affecting millions around the world. Being present
Application of ultrasensitive electrochemical biosensors for specific analysis of a glycan on a prostate-specific antigen
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most common cancer worldwide, accounting for more than 1.1 million cases in 2012. The statistics says, that about 1 man in 7 will be diagnosed with PCa during his lifetime with
A figure-of-eight molecule twists the red light
Development of fluorophores for CPL, circularly polarized luminescence, has attracted much attention. CPL has large potential toward future applications such as 3D displays and biosensing. Major challenges in creating good CPL fluorophores are; 1) large anisotropic dissymmetric
New types of functional pasta enriched with lyophilized tomato or wheat bran antioxidant extracts
The increasing demand for healthy foods has encouraged food companies to direct new research and development activities towards products providing, beyond basic nutritional functions, beneficial effects for health and/or reducing the risk of chronic diseases, i. e.
A calixarene derivative mediates rapid detoxification of the deadly poison VX
On 13th February 2017, the half-brother of the North-Korean dictator Kim Jong-un was poisoned, supposedly with one of the deadliest known chemicals, namely, the nerve agent VX (O-ethyl S-[2-(diisopropylamino)ethyl] methylphosphonothioate). This poison is so effective that contamination
Cushing’s, coping and quality of life
Cushing’s disease (CD) and Cushing’s syndrome (CS) are rare illnesses in which the body is flooded by an excess of the hormone cortisol, leading to characteristic and severe symptoms, among them central weight gain, easy bruising, diabetes
Stanford scientists use nanotechnology to boost the performance of a key industrial catalyst
Nanoscale stretching or compressing significantly boosts the performance of ceria, a material widely used in catalytic converters and clean-energy technologies. A tiny amount of squeezing or stretching can produce a big boost in catalytic performance, according to
Molecular mechanism of phenotypic plasticity
Darwinian evolution is considered to be the way that life adapts in every possible environment in Earth. The great evolutionary biologist of the past century Theodosius Dobzansky used to say: “Nothing in Biology Makes Sense Except in
Conformal invariants for landmark curve based brain morphometry analysis
Abnormal structural changes measured on cortical surfaces are important biomarkers for Alzheimer’s disease (AD). In brain imaging research, landmark curves are usually delineated on cortical surfaces to represent significant sulcus and gyrus patterns. Landmark curves are widely
Osteosarcoma – lost in translation
A 16-year-old boy with pain around the knee of two months’ duration demonstrates a lesion in the epiphysis of the distal femur (long bone). The differential diagnosis may be broad, but the pathologist is able to achieve
Milk of breast is best: protection against RSV and subsequent wheeze with breastmilk
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a significant pathogen infecting infants and young children; approximately 70% of infants are infected with RSV before their first birthday and almost all children have been infected at least once by two
A potential radiotracer for imaging the lungs
Routine patient lung scans in the nuclear medicine department have for decades, employed a radioactive technetium-99m-aggregated-albumin particle injection dose, in conjunction with a ventilation dose of Tc-99m-aerosol in tandem. The lung scans are usually requested for patients
Surrogate endpoints for overall survival in lung cancer patients treated with PD-1/PD-L1 blockade
Anti PD-1/PD-L1 antibodies are becoming key therapies in the treatment for advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Surrogate endpoints for overall survival (OS) such as tumor response and progression-free survival (PFS) are useful to detect drug efficacy earlier,
Fingernails – a window into the world of disease
If our eyes are the windows into our soul, our fingernails can be viewed as windows into our health. The finger nail plate and its surrounding supporting structures (the fingernail unit) (Fig. 1) is an often overlooked
Growing-up in a stressful environment affects the levels of glutamate in the hippocampus in adult depresses subjects
Mood disorders are emotional disturbances consisting of prolonged periods of excessive sadness, excessive joyousness, or both. Exposure to harsh parenting practices or to maltreatment during childhood can increase individuals’ vulnerability to mood disorders and the severity of
Fish migration: a simple mathematical description
Diadromous fishes migrate between rivers and seas, and are key drivers of surface water ecosystems and food webs. Analyzing migration of diadromous fishes is therefore a core for assessment of surface water systems from both biological and
